Chiovenda first went to Afghanistan after the US invasion as a reporter but was so struck by the life that he returned to do field research, especially about masculinity in their culture. He learned Pashto and interviewed people both in rural and urban areas. He paints a picture of a hard but fascinating life where men need to prove themselves in order to be respected. He later studied Afghan refugees in Greece, and he talks about the Western world’s responsibility for creating the refugee crisis. He is on the Harvard faculty of Global Health and Social Medicine.